Abstract: This paper reports on a small part of a broader research project that studied the presentation of personality types with chronic pain in a clinical setting. It reviews the reasons for referral, subjects’ presentation, subjects’ goals, and practitioners’ responses. Significant type-related differences were found in subject presentation and in the practitioner responses to such. Treatment ramifications are briefly addressed.

Penny Whillans

2009

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Applying the Enneagram to the World of Chronic Pain (PDF)